Firearm extractor



April 10, 1945. F c. SPEED FIREARM EXTRACTOR Filed Aiaril 23, 1943 2Sheets-Sheet l April 10, 1945.

F. c. SPEED FIREARM EXTRACTOR Filed April 23, 1943 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented Apr. 10, 1945 2,373,608 FIREARM EXTRACTOR Fletcher C. Speed,Kansas City, Mo., assignor to Remington Arms Company, Inc., Bridgeport,Conn, a corporation of Delaware Application April 23, 1943, Serial No.484,180

9 Claims.

fired cartridge case from the cartridge chamberv by prying it loose aswith a screw driver or other similar tool. In the case of removing acartridge which has failed to fire for any reason this methd of removalis apt to be very dangerous because of the possibility of accidentalfiring through mutilation of the cartridge case head. It is anobject ofthe invention to provide extractor means which may be readilyincorporated in the universal receiver, and which is adapted to beactuated to engage the extractor groove of the cartridge case, and toexert extracting pressure thereon to effectually disengage it from thecartridge chamber and without the possibility of mutilation andaccidental firing.

A further object is to provide extractor means having interchangeableextractor plates for cooperation with the interchangeable barrels of thereceiver, and which may be removed and assembled with facility forcooperation with the respective barrels of different calibers.

With the above and other objects in view, an embodiment of the inventionis shown in the accompanying drawings, and this embodiment will behereinafter more fully described with reference thereto, and theinvention will be finally pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings- Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a universal receiverprovided with extractor means according to the exemplary illustratedembodiment of the invention, the parts being shown in their normaloperative position with the breech of the receiver closed, and thedot-and-dash lines showing the open position of the breech.

Fig. 2 is a plan View thereof, partially in horizontal section.

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the breech end of the receiver.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view on an enlarged scale,taken along the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view, with the extractor means shown inprojected engaging relation to the cartridge case preparatory toextraction, the disengaged or retracted relation being shown by thedot-and-dash lines.

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing the projected extractor means in itsoperatively moved position to extract the cartridge case, thedot-anddash lines showing the retracted position of the extractor platewherein it is disengaged from the extracted cartridge case.

Fig. 7 is an end View of one of the interchangeable barrels, shown forexample as of .50 caliber.

Fig. '8 is a side elevation of the rearward end of the barrel.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view, taken along the line 9-9 of Fig.7.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of the .50 caliber extractor plate employed.

Fig-11 is an end View thereof.

Fig. 12 is an end view of another of the interchangeable barrels, shownfor example as of .30 caliber.

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the end portion of the .30 caliberbarrel.

Fig. 14 is a side elevation of the .30 caliber extractor plate employed.

Fig. 15 is an end view thereof.

Fig. 16'is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view, showing the receiverwith the extractor plate removed, and the spring pressed plunger memberretained in retracted position.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, the firearm of the universal receiver typeillustrated byway of example comprises a receiver body, indicatedgenerally as I0, in the form of a heavy metal block,

of rectangular form at its rearward portion and of cylindrical form atits forward portion, provided at its lower side with a centrallydisposed apertured mounting web ll mounted for elevational adjustment ofthe receiver body upon a bracket l2 by means of a mounting pin I3, thebracket being supported upon a suitable bed support I4. Upon the upperside of the receiver body there is provided an accessory part receivingslideway [5, for receiving various testing fixtures (not shown). Thereceiver body is provided With a horizontal barrel receiving bore 16extending at its inner end to a vertically disposed breech block passage11, the inner end of the bore being provided with an annular abutmentshoulder l8 against Which the inner ends of the interin the innerreduced end of the bore l6 with its end surface in flush relation withthe forward flat side of the breech block passage [1. Upon the barrelthere is engaged a locking sleeve 23, adapted to fit within the bore It;with its inner end engaging the forward end of the shouldered chamberportion 2 I, being provided with a relatively heavy helical thread 24screwed into internal threads 25 provided within the bore [6, and havingat its outer end a turning flange 26 provided with handle knobs 21, sothat inward turning of the sleeve tightens it against the shoulder ofthe chamber portion 2! to secure the barrel in place. A set screw 28 isprovided in the turning flange 26 and engages the barrel to secure thesleeve against turning, the barrel itself being held against turning bya key 29 secured in the receiver body and engaged in a keyway 30provided in the chamber portion 2i of the barrel. The barrel is providedthe usual rifled bore 3! and cartridge chamber 32, the entrance end ofthe chamber being outwardly beveled, as at 33, the cannelure orextraction groove A of the cartridge case B being disposed within thisbeveled portion in the normal firing position.

Within the passage N there i engaged for vertical reciprocatory movementthe breech block 34. Upon the rearward face of the body member there issecured a bracket 35, provided with a downwardly projecting bearingportion 36 in which is engaged the breech block operative shaft 31, thisshaft having secured upon it a lever 38 slidably connected to the lowerbifurcated end of the breech block by means of a cross-pin 39 engaged ina slot 40 in the breech block. The shaft also has secured upon it anoperating handle 4|, which upon being swung between its two operativepositions imparts closing and opening movement to th breechblock asindicated by the respective full lines and dotand-dash lines in Fig. 1.The open position of the breech block is determined by means of anadjustable setscrew 42, engaged in a mounting block portion 43 of thebracket 35 and adapted to be engaged by the tail portion 44 of the lever38' in the open position of the breech block.

Upon the bracket 35 there is hingedly mounted by means of a pivot screw45 a firing lever 46 adapted to be connected in firing relation to thefiring pin carried by the breech block in the operative raised position,as shown in Fig. 1, and adapted to be fired by pulling thereon,preferably by means of a lanyard 41 connected to its upper end. As theparticular structure of the firing mechanism does not constitute a partof the present invention, no further description of its details isdeemed necessary.

The part thus far described are of known construction and do not inthemselves constitute part of the present invention, except insofar asthey enter into cooperative relation with the extractor means of theinvention incorporated in the receiver.

The end portion 22 of the barrel is provided with a milled outhorizontal slideway 48 extending from the periphery at one side to thebeveled entrance portion 33, within which the head of the cartridge caseis disposed in firing position, the upper and lower side walls of thisslideway being parallel and the vertical base wall being substantiallyflush with the base of the entrance portion 33, to provide a guide forthe slidable extractor plate to engage the cannelure groove of thecartridge case, as will presently more fully appear.

The receiver body I9 is provided in one side with a horizontal passage49, of rectangular cross section extending transversely from one outerside surface to the slideway 48 of the barrel, and is also provided witha cylindrical bore 50 extending longitudinally from the passage 49 tothe rearward wall of the receiver. In axial line with the bore 50 thereis provided a cylindrical bore 5| extending longitudinally forwardly apredetermined distance from the passage 49, a longitudinal slot opening52 extending transversely from the outer side surface of the receiver tothis bore 5|.

The extractor plate 53 is of generally rectangular outline andrectangular cross-section, and is engaged within the passage 49 forlateral inward and outward movement to engage and disengage thecannelure groove of the cartridge case, and for lateral forward andrearward swinging movement to impart extraction movement to thecartridge case, as will presently more fully appear, the height of thepassag 49 corresponding to the height of the plate to guide its lateralmovements while its width is substantially greater than the thickness ofthe plate to provide space for its lateral swinging movement. The faceside of the extractor plate is beveled down, as at 54, to a reducedthickness inner end portion adapted to engage the cannelure of thecartridge, being provided for this purpose with a semi-circular recess55, partially cylindrical and partially chamfered, as shown clearly inFig, 11, in conformity to the shape of the cannelure groove.

Intermediate its ends the extractor plate is provided in its forwardsurface with a longitudinal channel slot 56 which is engaged by a keyrib 51 provided upon the inner end of the cylindrical plunger 58slidably engaged within the cylindrical bore 50, the slot being ofpredetermined greater length than the length of the key to thereby limitthe in and out lateral movement of the plate. The plunger is providedwith a reduced diameter stem portion 59 extending through an aperturedcover plate 60, secured upon the rearward wall of the receiver body inoverlying relation to the outer end of the passage 59, a helicalcompression spring 6| being engaged about the stem and exerting pressureupon the plunger to engage it yieldably with the face side of theextractor plate.

At the opposed side of the extractor plate, in axial line with theplunger, the plate is engaged by a cylindrical plug member 62, slidablyengaged in the bore 5!, and which in turn is engaged by the inner end ofa lever 63 pivotally mounted in the laterally recessed end 64 of amounting bracket 65, secured upon th side of the receiver body by meansof screws 66, the pivotal connection of the lever with the bracketconsisting of a vertically disposed headed pin 61 engaged throughregistering holes in the bracket and the lever, and which may be readilyremoved for the purpose of quick disassembly of the lever when desired.In the normal position of the exaszaeoe movement rearwardly. to theinner. end, and

which: through the sliding plug. member 62. imparts; lateral rearward.extracting movement: to theextractorplate in opposition: to. theyielding. pressureofttheplunger 58;. Becauseof the-relatively short,lever arm at the inner. end of. the lever and th relatively. long handlecomparatively little effort isrequired to..impart relatively greatextracting force to. the extractor. plate.

The outwardly projecting end. of the extractor plate is engaged. with.aiulcrum block. 68: secured upon the side of the receiver body. by.means of screws. 69; being provided; with.a..pair. of vertically. spacedfulcrum anvil projections ;'l0 engaging the. face side of the outer endportion of the extractor plate above and below of. alateral slot Itprovided centrally of its outer end, the fulcrum support providedthereby causing the extractor plate-to swing from its outer end asextracting movement is imparted thereto through operation of theleverE3, and whereby. relatively large swingingmove'ment is imparted to itscartridge case engaging inner end through a relatively smaller slidingmovementof the lever operated actuating plug 62.

Within the slot ll of the extractor plate there is pivotally connectedone end'ofa link member 72, the pivot connection being provided by meansof a readily removable vertically disposed headed pin 13 engageddownwardly through registering holes in the end of the extractor plateand the link. The other end, ofthe link is pivotall connected to one endof the cross head of a T- shaped lever 14 by means of a readilyremovableheaded pin 15-, engaged downwardly throughregistering holes inthe T-lever and the link, the other end of the cross head of the T-leverbeing p-ivotally connected to. the extractor lever 63 by means of ashouldered pivot screw stud 16secured to the extractor lever at a, pointoutwardly spaced from its pivotal connection with its supportingbracket. The outer end of the T-lever is provided with a verticallyupstanding handle 7.7 for convenience in manipulating it in cooperationwith the manipulation of thelever 63, as will presently more fullyappear. The T-lever and its link connection with the extractor plate isadapted to impart projecting and retracting movement to the extractorplate to-engage and disengage it with the cannelure grooveof thecartridge case, the connection of the T-lever with the lever 63 beingsuch that in either position of the lever 63, that is in its normalposition, as indicated in Fig. 5, or in its manually actuated positionto impart swinging extracting movement to the extractor plate,asindicated in Fig. 6, projecting and retracting movement may beimparted to the extractor plate along a substantially straight line ofpull without binding and without component movements in opposition tothe swinging movement of the extractor plate.

In the operation of the device, the cartridge is inserted in thecartridge chamber, with the breech block in its lowered open position,as shown by the dot-and-dash lines in- Fig. l 1, and

the extractor plate-in: itsretracted position,..as shown by thedot-anddashlines in.Fig. 5. The

extent: of; the outward retracting; movement, of: the plate.is..determinedby engagement; of; the

inner end; of theslot: 56:. with; the end of Y the key rib 51'; of:theplunger 5.8, so: that; in the-retracted position. theinner end of theextractor plate is entirelyuout. ofzregister with the cartridge chamber.After insertionyof; the cartridge, the

. b'reech block. iselosed and throughmovement of the T-lever 1.4:fromthe dot-and-dashline-position to: the full: line, position; as shownin l 'i g;v 5, the extractor. plateis moved inwardly to-its projectedpositionto-engage thecannelure groove, of

- the cartridge-case. The universal, receiver is then fired in theusualimanner. by pulling ofthe lanyard. 427 of the firing: mechanism.Thereupon,

following the opening of. the breechblock, theextractor lever 63 isactuated to impart swingingv extracting movement; to the extractorplate, as

shownin Fig. 6., thecartridge case being thereby extracted from itstight fit inthe. cartridge cham-. ber. W'hile still'lioldingv the lever63in; its extracting position. the. 'F-lever 7.4; is actuated; to

- move the extractor plate from its projected to its retracted position,as indicated, by the dot-anddashlines: in Fig. 6, whereupon thecartridgercase which is now loose .andzprojected from .thechambermay; bereadily removed from; the receiver by hand; Uponrelease. of the;extractor lever 63, with the extractor plate in its retracted position,the spring pressed plunger 58; moves the extractor plate, theplug 62:and: the: extractonlever; to=their nor-maLpositions,as'indicated. inFig: 5,.With the extractor. plate in: the retracted-position shown,

by the dot.-and;-dash lines, so. that the. parts are inposition forreloading the; receiver...

In. Figs. 12:. and. 13 there is. illustrated; the .30 caliberbarrelzfle,adapted; for use inthe receiver interchangeably with. the .50; caliberbarrel. illustrated, .or with barrels. of other calibers,,its end.portion 22 being. provided witha milled out slide, way 48*. ofsteppedzformsothat the base of the outer portion of the slotisofcorrespondingidepth, to the slotllfl of:- the; .50. caliber barrelwhile-the inner portion adjacent the chamber entrance is of. decreaseddepth to correspond. to the smaller dimension of the head'of the .30caliber cartridge. In Figs. 14- and 15 there is shown the extractorplate for cooperationwith the .30 caliber barrel, this plate 53 beingDrovidedat its inner end .with a. reduced height and reduced thicknessand portion having a semiecircular recess 55 in its end shaped toconform to the grooved head of the .30 caliber cartridge case. The faceside of the extractor plate is in one plane, while the opposed side isinwardly offset at the inner end portion by means of a semi-circularshoulder 54 which fits slidably Within the stepped slideway 43 of the.30 caliber barrel. For other calibers the recessed end of the extractorplate is designed to conformto the cartridge head, the slidew'ay in thebarrel end being provided to slidably receive it.

In order to quickly and conveniently change the receiver from onecaliber to another, the plunger 58 is. retracted to disengage its keyrib 51' from the slot 56 of. the extractor plate, and is preferablyretained in retracted position, during removal of one extractor plateand assembly of the other, by means of a retaining pin 18, insertedthrough a transverse hole 79 provided in the stem 59 of the plunger nearits outer end, this pin bein preferably connected by; a cord or chain80. with a screw ring member 8], adapted to: be screwed into a threaded;socket. 8.2,: provided in the end of the plunger stem for convenience inretracting the plunger. This ring is normally removed from the plunger,so that the latter can not be readily retracted, except through the useof the screw ring or some similar device screwed into the socket 82.With the plunger in its retracted position, as shown in Fig. 16, thepivot pin 13 is removed to disconnect the link 12, whereupon theextractor plate is free and may be readily withdrawn from the receiver.After changing the barrels, the interchangeable extractor plate of theproper caliber is assembled by inserting it in the passage 48 andconnecting the link 12 to its outer end by means of the pin 13,whereupon the spring pressed plunger 58 is released by removal of theretaining pin 18, the key rib 57 engaging the slot 55 of the extractorplate and pressing the parts to their normal operative positions.

The form of the invention illustrated in the drawings and describedherein is typical and illustrative only, and it is evident that theinvention is capable of embodiments in other forms, all falling Withinthe scope of the appended claims, which are to be broadly construed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a firearm, a receiver having a breech opening, a removable barrelcarried by said receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open tosaid breach opening, a removable extractor member movably carried bysaid receiver con structed and arranged for movement substantiallytransverse to the longitudinal axis of said chamber into and out ofengagement with the cannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in saidchamber and for movement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axisof said chamber to impart extraction movement to the cartridge,actuating means movably carried by said receiver for cooperation withsaid extractor member to impart cartridge engaging and disengaging andextraction movement thereto, and removable connection means between saidactuating means and said extractor member to enable removal andselective interchange of a plurality of such extractor members.

2. In a firearm, a receiver having a breech opening, a barrel carried bysaid receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open to said breechopening, an extractor plate member having a recess and movably carriedby said receiver, said plate member being freely supported for movementsubstantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of said chamber intoand out of engagement with the cannelure groove of a cartridge engagedin said chamber and for movement substantially parallel to thelongitudinal axis of said chamber to impart extraction movement to thecartridge, spring pressed plunger means carried by said receiver, saidplungermeans having a rib engaged in the recess of said extractor platemember to exert pressure thereon in opposed direction to direction ofextraction movement of said plate member and to positively limit thetransverse movement of said plate member, and actuating means movablycarried by said receiver for cooperation with said extractor platemember to impart cartridge engaging and disengaging and extraction move-;ment thereto.

3. In a firearm, a receiver havinga breech opening, a removable barrelcarried by said receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open tosaid breech opening, a removable extractor plate member movably carriedby said receiver constructed and arranged for movement substantiallytransverse to the longitudinal axis of said chamber into and out ofengagement with -the cannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in saidchamber and for movement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axisof said chamber to impart extraction movement to the cartridge, springpressed plunger means carried by said receiver engaged with saidextractor plate member to exert pressure thereon in opposed direction todirection of extraction movement of said plate member, actuating meansmovably carried by said receiver for cooperation with said extractorplate member to impart cartridge engaging and disengaging and extractionmovement thereto, removable connection means between said actuatingmeans and said extractor member to enable removal and selectiveinterchange of a'plurality of such extractor members, and retainingmeans engageable with said plunger means to retain it out of engagementwith said plate member while said extractor members are beinginterchanged.

4. In a firearm, a receiver having a breech opening, a barrel carried bysaid receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open to said breechopening, an extractor plate member movably carried by said receiverconstructed and arranged for movement substantially transverse to thelongitudinal axis of said chamber into and out of engagement with thecannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in said chamber and for movementsubstantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said chamber toimpart extraction movement to the cartridge, spring pressed plungermeans carried by said receiver engaged with one side of said extractorplate member to exert pressure thereon in opposed direction to directionof extraction movement of said plate memher, a movement imparting plugmember carried by said receiver and engaged with said extractor platemember at the opposed side from said plunger member, and an actuatingextractor lever member pivotally mounted upon said receiver and engagedat one end with said plug member to impart extraction movementtherethrough to said extractor plate member.

5. In a firearm, a receiver having a breech opening, a barrel carried bysaid receiver having a. cartridge receiving chamber open to said breechopening, an extractor plate member movably carried by said receiverconstructed and arranged for movement substantially transverse to thelongitudinal axis of said chamber into and out of engagement with thecannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in said chamber and for movementsubstantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said chamber toimpart extraction movement to the cartridge, an actuating leverpivotally carried by said receiver for cooperation with said extractorplate member to impart extraction movement thereto, and a secondactuating lever pivotally carried by said receiver and connected to saidextractor plate member to impart substantially transverse cartridgeengaging and disengaging movement thereto.

6. In a firearm, a receiver having a breech opening, a barrel carried bysaid receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open to said breechopening, an extractor plate member movably carried by said receiverconstructed and arranged for movement substantially transverse to thelongitudinal axis of said chamber into and out of engagement with thecannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in said chamber and for movementsubstantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said chamber toimpart extraction movement to the cartridge, an actuating leverpivotally carried by said receiver for cooperation with said extractorplate member to impart extraction movement thereto, a second actuatinglever pivotally mounted upon said first actuating lever outwardly of itspivot axis, and a link connection between said second actuating leverand the outer end of said extractor plate member whereby swingingmovement of said second actuating lever imparts cartridge engaging anddisengaging movement to said extractor plate.

7. In a firearm, a receiver having a breech opening, a barrel carried bysaid receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open to said breechopening, an extractor plate member movablly carried by said receiverconstructed and arranged for movement substantially transverse to thelongitudinal axis of said chamber into and out of engagement with thecannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in said chamber and for pivotalmovement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said chamberto impart extraction movement to the cartridge, an actuating leverpivotally carried by said receiver for cooperation with said extractorplate member to impart extraction movement thereto, a fulcrum blockmember carried by said receiver for supporting engagement with the outerend of said extractor plate whereby the pivotal movement thereof impartsextraction movement to its inner end, said extraction movement being substantially parallel to thelongitudinal axis of said chamber, a secondactuating lever pivotally mounted upon said first actuating leveroutwardly of its pivot axis, and a link connection between said secondactuating lever and the outer end of said extractor plate member wherebyswinging movement of said second actuating lever imparts cartridgeengaging and disengaging movement to said extractor plate.

8. In a firearm, a, receiver having a breech opening, a barrel carriedby said receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open to saidbreech opening, an extractor plate member movably carried by saidreceiver constructed and arranged for movement substantially transverseto the longitudinal axis of said chamber into and out of engagement withthe cannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in said chamber and formovement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said chamberto impart extraction movement to the cartridge, spring pressed plungermeans carried by said receiver engaged with one side of said extractorplate member to exert pressure thereon in opposed direction to directionof extraction movementof said plate member, a movement imparting plugmember carried by said receiver and engaged with said extractor platemember at the opposed side from said plunger member, an actuating leverpivotally carried by said receiver and engaged at one end with said plugmember to imp-art extraction movement therethrough to said extractorplate member, a second actuating lever pivotally mounted upon saidfirstactuating lever outwardly of its pivot axis, and a, link connectionbetween said second actuating lever and the outer end of said extractorplate member whereby swinging movement of said second actuating leverimparts cartridge engaging and disengaging movement thereto.

9. In a firearm, a receiver; having a breech opening, a barrel carriedby said receiver having a cartridge receiving chamber open to saidbreech opening, an extractor plate member movably carried by saidreceiver constructed and arranged for movement substantially transverseto the longitudinal axis of said chamber into and out of engagement withthe cannelure groove of a cartridge engaged in said chamber and -forpivotal movement substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of saidchamber to impart extraction movement to the cartridge, spring pressedplunger means carried by said receiver engaged with one side of saidextractor plate member to exert pressure thereon in opposed direction todirection of extraction movement of said plate member, a movementimparting plug member carried by said receiver and engaged with saidextractor plate member at the opposed side from said plunger member, anactuating lever pivotally carried by said receiver and engaged at oneend with said plug member, a fulcrum block member carried by saidreceiver for supporting engagement with the outer end of said extractorplate whereby the pivotal movement thereof imparts extraction movementto its inner end, said ex-. traction movement being substantiallyparallel to the longitudinal axis of said chamber, a second actuatinglever pivotally mounted upon said first actuating lever outwardly of itspivot axis, and a. link connection between said second actuating leverand the outer end of said extractor plate member whereby swingingmovement of said second actuating lever imparts cartridge engaging anddisengaging movement to said extractor plate.

FLETCHER 0. SPEED.

